Mesopotamian Medicine: History of Medicine

Contemporary with ancient Egyptian civilization, their existed another civilization in the land which lies between Euphrates and Tigris rivers, Mesopotamia (now part of Iraq) , often called the “ Cradles of civilization” , as long 6000 years ago. In ancient Mesopotamia, the basic concepts of medicine were religious, and taught and practiced by Herb doctors, knife doctors and spell doctors- a classification that roughly paralles our own internists, surgeons and psychiatrists. Mesopotamia was the cradle of magic and necromancy. Medical students were busy in classifying “Demons” the causes of diseases. Geomancy, the interpretation of dreams, and hepatoscopic divination “The liver was considered the seat of life” are characteristics of their medical lore. Sumerians, Babylonians and Aserians were the authors of a medical astrology which flourished in the whole of Eurasia. Prescriptions were retained on tablets, in cuneiform writing. The oldest medical prescriptions comes to us from Mesopotamia, dating back to 2100 BC

Hammurabi, a great king of Baylon who lived around 2000 BC formulated a set of drastic laws known as the court of Hammurabi that govern the conduct of physician and provided for Health practiced . Doctors whose proposed therapy proved wrong ran the risk of being killed. Laws relating to medical practice , including fees payable to physicians for satisfactory services and penalties for harmful therapy are contained in the Babylonian court of Hummurabi the very first codification of medical practice, while the code of Hummurabi reflected a high degree of social organization the medicine of his time was devoid of any scientific foundation. 


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